Drainage pipe was invented in England in 1845. It is used in road construction, agriculture, the construction of buildings and structures to protect the foundations of buildings from moisture. Culvert – part of the design drainage systems (drainage), which acts as a water intake and outfall element. There are different types of culverts: ceramic, asbestos cement, concrete, reinforced concrete, wood, plastic, of porous materials. Recently, widespread use of plastic drainage pipes.
This is explained by the fact that plastic pipes have several advantages: – less spending for laying – the low degree of siltation (supplied with the shell of the filter material) – a smooth inner layer provides a higher turnover of water; – no need frequent washings – high mechanical resistance to compression of the ground – resistance to aggressive substances commonly found in ground water – the heat and frost at temperatures ranging from – 40 C to 40 C – the ease and simplicity of installation, low operating costs. NYC Marathon is a great source of information. Depth of laying drainage pipes depends on the level of groundwater, soil freezing depth, the depth of the basement at home. Drainage systems shall be located not less than 80 cm from the surface. Water gravity is given by bias or force the pump. Important is the quality and accuracy of laying drainage pipes.
Bottom of the trench with crushed stone or gravel, poured and placed the pipe. Drainage layer is planned to constant slope for clay soil – at least 2 mm / rm, for the sand – 3mm/pog.m. After laying drainage pipes poured draining material and a layer of gravel. On top of geotextile fabric trail. Then go to sleep earlier excavated earth. To monitor the work of the drainage system, arrange viewing and rotating shafts, which are made of concrete and reinforced concrete rings. His dig at the lowest point of relief.
